What is an extraction funnel used for in organic chemistry?

What is an extraction funnel used for in organic chemistry?

• A. To measure the boiling point of liquids
• B. To separate immiscible liquids based on density differences
• C. To heat substances without decomposition
• D. To analyze the purity of compounds

Answer: (B)

An extraction funnel, also known as a separatory funnel, is primarily used in organic chemistry to separate immiscible liquids based on their density differences. This process involves two liquids that do not mix, such as water and an organic solvent, allowing for the distinct phases to form. When the funnel is inverted and mixed, the layers will separate after settling, with the denser liquid forming the bottom layer and the less dense liquid settling above it. The functionality of the extraction funnel relies on its ability to allow for careful pouring out of one layer while retaining the other, making it a crucial tool for isolating compounds in liquid-liquid extraction processes. This technique is essential for purifying organic compounds or during various chemical syntheses.

An extraction funnel, also known as a separatory funnel, is primarily used in organic chemistry to separate immiscible liquids based on their density differences. This process involves two liquids that do not mix, such as water and an organic solvent, allowing for the distinct phases to form. When the funnel is inverted and mixed, the layers will separate after settling, with the denser liquid forming the bottom layer and the less dense liquid settling above it.

The functionality of the extraction funnel relies on its ability to allow for careful pouring out of one layer while retaining the other, making it a crucial tool for isolating compounds in liquid-liquid extraction processes. This technique is essential for purifying organic compounds or during various chemical syntheses.